2025國際兒童及青少年科學大賽2025 International Children and Youth Science Competition
- ICYSC

本次國際兒童及青少年奧林匹克科學大賽，其題目範圍覆蓋多個科學領域，涉及基本科學常識及高階的邏輯推導和解題難點突破，具體如下：

1. 科學知識與概念掌握：

   1. 物理學：如牛頓定律、光的折射反射原理、簡易電路知識等基本物理概念及應用。

   2. 化學：常見元素化合物特性、化學反應方程式書寫配平，像金屬氧化、酸鹼中和反應等。

   3. 生物學：包含生物分類、細胞構造功能、孟德爾遺傳定律初步應用及動植物細胞差異等。

   4. 地球科學：地球構造、板塊運動、氣候變化原理，例如火山地震、四季更替成因。

2. 科學實驗及探究技能：

   1. 設計操作簡單科學實驗，如探究浮力因素、物質導電性實驗，涵蓋實驗步驟規劃和器材選取。

   2. 觀察實驗現象、整理分析實驗數據，如據物體下落測量分析重力加速度得出結論。

3. 科學推理和邏輯思考：

   1. 依據科學事實原理的邏輯推理，如由化學性質推反應、物理現象推受力。

   2. 剖析科學研究因果，如解釋植物生長受限的生理或環境因素。

   3. 借鑑科學發現歷程解決元素性質規律等問題。

4. 科學應用和問題處理：

   1. 把科學知識用於生活，如算家庭用電功率電費、解釋冰面撒鹽融冰原因。

   2. 解決環境污染、能源開發利用、健康生活科學依據等實際問題，像提空氣質量改善方案、析新能源汽車利弊。

   3. 制定探究未知物質特性的實驗、證據收集和結果解釋步驟。

5. 科學思維及創新拓展：

   1. 創新探索題，如構想未來交通依賴的新科技。

   2. 高難推理和實驗設計挑戰，像太空微重力化學反應實驗方案設計、前沿科學假說的證據及反駁推導。

參賽者要扎實掌握基本科學知識，熟練運用科學方法解題。大賽設置挑戰題，激發學生創新思維，突破自身，探索科學新領域，力求在有限的考試資源下，全面、高效地檢驗學生的科學素養和能力，避免不必要的繁瑣和重複內容，做到精準、有效地考核。
 

The scope of questions for this International Children and Youth Olympic Science Competition covers multiple scientific fields, involving basic scientific knowledge as well as advanced logical deduction and the breakthrough of problem-solving difficulties. The details are as follows:

• Mastery of Scientific Knowledge and Concepts:

  • Physics: Basic physical concepts and their applications such as Newton's laws, the principles of light refraction and reflection, and simple circuit knowledge.

  • Chemistry: Characteristics of common elements and compounds, writing and balancing chemical reaction equations, such as metal oxidation and acid-base neutralization reactions.

  • Biology: Including biological classification, cell structure and function, the preliminary application of Mendel's laws of inheritance, and the differences between animal and plant cells.

  • Earth Science: Principles of the earth's structure, plate movement, and climate change, such as the causes of volcanic earthquakes and the change of seasons.

• Scientific Experiment and Inquiry Skills:

  • Design and conduct simple scientific experiments, such as exploring the factors affecting buoyancy and the conductivity of substances, covering the planning of experimental steps and the selection of experimental equipment.

  • Observe experimental phenomena, sort and analyze experimental data, such as analyzing the acceleration due to gravity based on the measurement of the falling of different objects and drawing reasonable conclusions.

• Scientific Reasoning and Logical Thinking:

  • Logical reasoning based on scientific facts and principles, such as inferring reactions from chemical properties and inferring forces from physical phenomena.

  • Analyze the cause and effect in scientific research, such as explaining the physiological or environmental factors that limit plant growth.

  • Solve problems related to the properties of elements by referring to the process of scientific discoveries.

• Scientific Application and Problem Solving:

  • Apply scientific knowledge to daily life, such as calculating the power and electricity bill of household electricity, and explaining the reason why salt is sprinkled on the ice surface to melt the ice.

  • Solve practical problems such as environmental pollution, energy development and utilization, and the scientific basis of a healthy lifestyle, such as proposing a feasible plan to improve the air quality in the local area and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of new energy vehicles.

  • Develop the steps for exploring the characteristics of unknown substances, collecting evidence, and interpreting the results.

• Scientific Thinking and Innovation Expansion:

  • Innovative exploration questions, such as envisioning new technologies that future transportation may rely on.

  • High-difficulty reasoning and experimental design challenges, such as designing a chemical reaction experiment scheme in a microgravity environment in space and deducing the possible evidence and refutation of a cutting-edge scientific hypothesis.

Participants are required to have a solid grasp of basic scientific knowledge and be proficient in using scientific methods to solve problems. The competition sets up challenging questions to stimulate students' innovative thinking, break through themselves, and explore new scientific fields. It strives to comprehensively and efficiently test students' scientific literacy and abilities with limited examination resources, avoid unnecessary complexity and repetition, and achieve accurate and effective assessment.